DESALINATION

Sea Water Desalination Desalination is a natural continuous process, which is essential for the water recycling. If we were to consider rain or snowfall on ground, which finally flows either into the sea or goes back to the atmosphere through evaporation or percolates into the sub-soil, is a process of natural desalination. Living beings use this water directly from rain or from river, lakes or springs. When the surface water travels down towards the sea it dissolves minerals and other materials and becomes salty. Once it flows into the oceans, natural evaporation removes part of the water into the atmosphere as clouds, while remaining water available in the ocean becomes very salty. The evaporated water from the ocean is restored back to the earth in the form of rain or snow, which again goes back to the ocean and the cycle, continues.

Availability of fresh water has been the main centre for growth of civilization. With the growth of world population the need of fresh water has also increased substantially which has resulted in the growth of desalination, installation as well. Logically, the desalination activities are concentrated on those parts of the earth where availability of water is scarce. This is precisely the reason why more than 80% of desalination plants are located in the water scarce Middle East region. Unequal water distribution also exists within our country and fresh water desalination technology is getting concentrated more on water scarce areas such as Gujarat, Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan. Besides producing desalted water for human consumption and industrial requirement these technologies are also found to be advantageous in the recovery of water from waste streams.

We are now occupied in the development and promotion of sea water desalination technologies such as evaporation, reverse osmosis process, and in particular it consumes the least amount of energy with the application of the state-of-the-art technology, (i.e.) Energy recovery booster system or pressure exchangers system and is easy to operate and maintain. It is the most sought after technology for desalination of sea or saline water.